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  • Grove Street Bridge and Paving - Burlington VT
    The W.P.A. constructed a bridge on Grove Street (crossing Centennial / Catlin Brook) in 1938. The bridge has been largely rehabilitated and rebuilt such that little of the original structure is apparent. However, though "budget and time constraints prevented a full restoration of the Grove Street Bridge, the original structure was never removed and its components still remain in situ. Today, an adventurous visitor to the bridge can spot the original brick by peering behind the rocks and other materials installed around the new culvert." The WPA also paved Grove Street as part of a separate project. WPA Project No. 465-12-1-15 (bridge) WPA...
  • High School Athletic Field - West Rutland VT
    The WPA photo pictured here shows an athletic field constructed by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) for West Rutland High School. The photo is dated to 1937. The Living New Deal does not know the current status of the athletic field.  
  • Hill Street Improvements - Montpelier VT
    Montpelier's 40th Annual Report details many roadwork projects undertaken in 1934 with Vermont Emergency Relief Administration (VERA) funds, including: "Hill Street entire length, rock excavation, extensive grading, stone base and graveling". Street improvement and sewer construction efforts were continued here in subsequent years by the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
  • Hubbard Park - Montpelier VT
    Montpelier Annual Report, 1937: "In the early summer of 1933 the C. C. C. started improvement work at Hubbard Park under the direction of the Vermont Forest Service cooperating with the Montpelier Park Board. From that time until the fall of 1936, they have accomplished projects which have materially enhanced and made more usable our beautiful park. All of the interior park roads have been regraded, widened, drained, and graveled. Many of the crooks and formerly muddy spots have been eliminated and all roads are now usable during all of the seasons. The entrance road from Clarendon Avenue to the Tower road...
  • Inspection Station - Alburg Springs VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on Alburg Springs Road in Alburg, Vermont was built in 1937 with U.S. Treasury Department funds.
  • Inspection Station - Beebe Plain VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on Beebe Road, which connects with Quebec Route 247, in Beebe Plain, Vermont, north of Newport, Vermont, was built in 1937 with U.S. Treasury Department funds.
  • Inspection Station - Canaan VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on State Route 141 in Canaan, Vermont was built in 1933 with U.S. Treasury Department funds.
  • Inspection Station - Franklin VT
    The historic former U.S. Border Inspection Station on State Route 235 in the town of Franklin, Vermont was constructed c. 1935 with U.S. Treasury Department funds. The station is also known as the "Morse's Line" facility.
  • Inspection Station - North Troy VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on State Route 243 in Troy, Vermont was built in 1937 with U.S. Treasury Department funds. A newer facility has been built by the New Deal structure.
  • Inspection Station - Norton VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on State Route 114 in Norton, Vermont was built in 1933 with U.S. Treasury Department funds.
  • Inspection Station - West Berkshire VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station (along with an attendant residence building) on State Route 108 in Berkshire, Vermont was built in 1934 with U.S. Treasury Department funds.
  • Inspection Station (demolished) - Highgate Springs VT
    The historic former U.S. Border Inspection Station in Highgate Springs, Vermont was constructed in 1940 with U.S. Treasury Department funds. It has since been demolished.
  • Inspection Station Alterations - East Richford VT
    The historic U.S. Border Inspection Station on State Route 105A in East Richford, Vermont was altered in 1940 with U.S. Treasury Department funds. Modifications included changes to "the garage and inspection bays and residential quarters."
  • Kettle Pond Campground - Plainfield VT
    Kettle Pond Campground is a developed campsite within the 26,000 acre Groton State Forest "located on the shores of Kettle Pond, an undeveloped pond." (www.vtstateparks.com) A Vermont State Park document on CCC sites in Groton State Forest lists: "Six remote lean-tos dot the hiking trail around Kettle Pond. Three are still in use, and five stone fireplaces are still in existence. Site #11 is one of the few remaining vertical log leantos built by the CCCs."   (www.vtstateparks.com)
  • Lake Street Widening - Burlington VT
    Photo caption, UVM: "May 8, 1936. Lake Street, WPA Project No. 65-12-336 looking South from intersection of Depot Street. This project consists of widening pavement to twenty four feet with Telford stone base construction, surfacing with a leveling course of penetration macadam varying in thickness from one to four inches and constructing Hot Mix stone filled sheet asphalt wearing surface two inches in thickness."
  • Langdon Street Bridge Improvements - Montpelier VT
    The Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.) conducted improvement work on many of Montpelier's steel bridges, including painting the Langdon Street bridge in 1935.
  • Ledyard Bridge (replaced) - Norwich VT to Hanover NH
    The second of the (now) three bridges to be designated Ledyard Bridge spanning the Connecticut River between Norwich, Vermont and Hanover, New Hampshire was financed in part by the federal Public Works Administration (PWA) during the Great Depression. The PWA supplied a grant of $8,697 for the project, whose total cost was $31,095 (according to a PWA document; other sources put it at $148,678; Living New Deal is unclear as to the discrepancy). Construction occurred between Oct. 1934 and Oct. 1935. The bridge was replaced in 1998. PWA Docket No. 9088-Vt.
  • Locust Street Improvements - Burlington VT
    The Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.) reconstructed Locust Street and constructed sidewalks along the road in 1939.
  • Ludlow School - Ludlow VT
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of Ludlow School. The three-story school was built in 1938 and housed grammar and high school grades. The PWA funding was $36,000. The architects of record were A.E. Hudson, A.T. Win and Mr. Quinn. The superintendent was of construction was Arthur D. Wilson. The contractor of record was Casper Ranger. The school was dedicated on November 6, 1938, and was open on September 5, 1939. The enrollment was 454. Docket No. Vt. 1069-DS. Today the school serves as the Black River High School.
  • Maidstone State Park - Maidstone VT
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) developed Vermont's Maidstone State Park during the 1930s. "Maidstone was designated by the state of Vermont as a state park in 1938. The camp areas were wilderness, but the area around the lodge was a Civilian Conservation Corps camp. The CCC built many sites with fireplaces for camping, the lodge, and a picnic shelter, which are still in use today."
  • Main Street Bridge - Warren VT
    The modest bridge carrying Main Street across Freeman Brook in Warren, Vermont was constructed with the aid of federal Public Works Administration (P.W.A.) funds. The bridge is located north of Flat Iron Rd. and south of Warren Store and The Pitcher Inn. A plaque states "Vermont Bridge / PWA No 1020 F", referring to the PWA project number. The year 1936 is carved into the cement around the plaque.
  • Main Street Reconstruction - Burlington VT
    The Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.) reconstructed parts of Burlington's Main Street in 1938, including foundation and paving work. Archival photos show such work being undertaken between S. Union and S. Willard Streets.
  • Manhattan Drive Construction - Burlington VT
    "Road construction crew repaves a city street as part of the P. W. A. Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works street improvements. Project No. VT 1097-F." One source suggests that some of this work occurred at Lafountain St. and Manhattan Drive.
  • Marvin Street Improvements - Montpelier VT
    Montpelier's 40th Annual Report details many roadwork projects undertaken in 1934 with Vermont Emergency Relief Administration (VERA) funds, including: "Marvin Street, grading and putting in stone base". Street improvement and sewer construction efforts were continued here in subsequent years by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). In 1939 Marvin St. was "rebuilt from Hubbard to Bingham Street, with tar surfaces."
  • Miscellaneous Projects - Montpelier VT
    In 1935 "considerable work was done with V.E.R.A. labor in cutting brush and cleaning up around the pond ." The Works Progress Administration (WPA) conducted work at Montpelier's Community House in 1936. The WPA and CCC conducted hurricane relief work in the city in 1938.
  • Missisquoi Bay Bridge (replaced) - Alburg to Swanton VT
    The federal Public Works Administration (PWA) provided a $214,363 grant for the construction of the original Missiquoi Bay Bridge connecting Alburgh and Swanton, Vermont. Approval for the project was given in January 1936. Construction began in June 1936 and was largely completed April 1938. The project's total cost was $559,145. The bridge replaced a ferry crossing near the location of its construction. The Brattleboro Reformer: "The bridge, it iss expected will, cross the bay at a point a short distance north of the present ferry crossing. It will consist of an 800-foot steel span in the center with approximately 4,200 feet...
  • Missisquoi River Dam - Richford VT
    The Public Works Administration (PWA) funded the construction of a dam on the Missisquoi River in Richford VT. Docket No. 827-Vt. The PWA supplied a $59,000 loan and $22,823 grant for the project, whose total cost was $87,177. Construction occurred between Oct. 1933 and Oct. 1935. The exact location and the status of this dam are unknown to the Living New Deal.
  • Mount Ascutney State Park - Windsor VT
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) developed Vermont's Mt. Ascutney State Park starting in 1935.
  • Mount Philo State Park - Charlotte VT
    The Civilian Conservation Corps carried out work at Mount Philo State Park near Charlotte VT. According to the Vermont State Park website, "In the early 1930s a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) unit was assigned to the mountain. This crew built the current access road, campground, ranger’s quarters, picnic area and summit lodge.”
  • Municipal Auditorium - Barre VT
    Barre Auditorium was constructed in 1938-9 as a federal Public Works Administration (PWA) project. The PWA provided a $105,882 grant toward the $239,668 total cost of the project. (PWA Docket No. VT 1122.) The facility is still in use today for athletic events and community gatherings. The architecture firm Freeman French Freeman, Burlington, VT, designed the building (FFF Project #150). The firm began operation in 1937 and continues to this day. One of the founders, Ruth Freeman, was the first female architect in the state and was known for her significant contributions to the modernist style of architecture. Upon graduating from Cornell...
  • Municipal Improvements - Rutland VT
    The town's municipal report for 1935 described extensive New Deal relief from the PWA and the WPA, as well as from VERA (Vermont Emergency Relief Agency). The mayor said in the report that: "These large amounts received during these past two years have undoubtedly greatly reduced our Charity costs..." In addition to extensive work on the city's sewer and street systems, the report describes two more municipal projects: "Cordwood was cut in Mendon by City residents for their own use, by the City Welfare Department and by VERA and WPA for use by the Charity Department. Reformatory, A large program of improving the grounds...
  • Municipal Road and Bridge Work - Rutland VT
    The town's municipal report for 1935 described extensive New Deal relief from the PWA and the WPA, as well as from VERA (Vermont Emergency Relief Agency). The mayor said in the report that: "These large amounts received during these past two years have undoubtedly greatly reduced our Charity costs... ...The concrete pavement on Strongs Avenue was widened six feet with standard reinforced concrete from Madison Street to South Main Street. A four foot shoulder and gutter with tar surface was constructed in addition giving ten feet more road width than existed formerly... This project cost $3,675.12 of which Federal WPA funds paid $1,002.36... Ripley...
  • Municipal Sewer System - Rutland VT
    The town's municipal report for 1935 described extensive New Deal relief from the PWA and the WPA, as well as from VERA (Vermont Emergency Relief Agency). The mayor said in the report that: "These large amounts received during these past two years have undoubtedly greatly reduced our Charity costs." In particular, the mayor explained that: "Taking advantage of the WPA which pays the entire labor costs, several small short sewers are being built. If this is continued during this year there will be very few streets lacking sewers, and it should materially reduce the costs of sewer construction for many years to...
  • New Discovery State Park - Marshfield VT
    The CCC did extensive work at multiple sites within New Discovery State Park, one of several parks located within the Groton State Forest. "In 1933, CCC Company 146 from Rhode Island was stationed along the road to Osmore Pond. Approximately 3⁄4 mile from the campground on the left, you will see the remains of a stone fence at the entrance to the camp, the Recreation Hall chimney, and cellar holes. Company 146 was responsible for building structures at New Discovery, Osmore Pond, Owl’s Head, and Kettle Pond. Around Osmore Pond, a 75-person log shelter, 19 picnic sites with stone fireplaces, and four...
  • North Avenue Widening and Sewers - Burlington VT
    The Public Works Administration (P.W.A.) Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.) reconstructed and widened Burlington's North Avenue, with the W.P.A.  installing sewers as well. Widening was undertaken with P.W.A. funds in 1934, P.W.A Project No. VT 2232. Widening under the W.P.A. was undertaken in 1936, W.P.A. Project No. 65-12-336. "North End" sewer project construction occurred in 1940, W.P.A. Project No. 655-12-2-62.
  • North Barre Playground Improvements - Barre VT
    The National Youth Administration (N.Y.A.) conducted grading work and development of a cement wading pool at the North Barre Playground at Fourth St.
  • North Branch Cemetery - Middlesex VT
    The Flood of 1927 brought many changes to Vermont, including the construction of several flood control dams built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC built one such dam at Wrightsville, in the northern part of Montpelier, Vermont and this project in turn required the relocation a cemetery in the effected area. The Great Depression provided the labor needed to do the job and some CCC workers became involved with the labor to move the cemetery. Construction on the Wrightsville Dam began in July 1933, and the Vermont Public Service Commission ruled the “remains of the dead…shall be removed by...
  • North Street Construction - Burlington VT
    Photo caption, August 15, 1939: "PWA Project Vt. 1097-F, Intersection of Intervale Avenue, Elmwood Avenue and North Street. This view shows the broad intersection of the three above streets after the completion of the Plant-Mix asphalt pavement consisting of a leveling course averaging approximately one and one-half inches in thickness and a wearing course of two inches in thickness. The leveling course was constructed with coarse aggregate or "Binder" material with 50-60 penetration asphalt cement. The wearing surface was constructed with fine aggregate using a mixture of 50-60 penetration asphalt cement and American Bitumuls tempering fluid."
  • North Street Improvements - Montpelier VT
    Montpelier's 40th Annual Report details many roadwork projects undertaken in 1934 with Vermont Emergency Relief Administration (VERA) funds, including: "North Street to City Line, grading and graveling". Sewer work was undertaken by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in 1935: "402 feet of 6" sewer was relaid on North Street." In 1939 the WPA "graded, widened with base, underdrain and gravel surface from Hillhead Street to Mechanic Street."
  • Otter Creek Flood Control - Proctor VT
    The Works Progress Administration completed flood control work on Otter Creek in Proctor.
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