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  • Street Paving, Curbs and Gutters - Flagstaff AZ
    A substantial street improvement and paving project was undertaken in Flagstaff, Arizona during the Great Depression with the assistance of federal Public Work Administration (PWA) funds.  It covered 86 blocks in the central area, now the historic district of the city, and included curbs and gutters.  The start date for the project is uncertain but the major work was done in 1938-39. "A major improvement that would have been long delayed without federal assistance was installing curbs and gutters and paving streets. The project began with a $30,600 PWA grant matching a city 10-year, 3 percent bond issue of $22,000 for curbs and...
  • Swimming Pool - Tempe AZ
    The Works Progress Administration built a Public Swimming Pool in Tempe at the "municipal park"—possibly what is now the Papago Park complex. Project # 126, circa 1936. The exact location and condition of this facility is unknown to the Living New Deal.
  • Sycamore Cabin - Yavapai County AZ
    "The site contains two historic buildings: a forest ranger residence and a small barn with corral. Both buildings sit adjacent to the perennially flowing Sycamore Creek in an open forest of piñon pine and juniper and shaded by large sycamore trees along the creek. The buildings were constructed by Civilian Conservation Corps enrollees between 1940 and 1941. The cabin contains original CCC-constructed furniture. Recently restored, the cabin is now part of the Forest Service rental program, "Rooms with a View" and is available to the public for daily rental."
  • Trails - Wupatki National Monument AZ
    Wupatki National Monument was established in 1924, following decades of plunder of artifacts by American settlers.  Archaeological excavation and restoration of the main pueblo began in 1933.  In 1939-42, a contingent of Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollees (from Mt Elden camp at Flagstaff) began development of the monument for public use, building trails, a ranger residence, a utility building, and water supply system. (NNDPA 2012) The trails wind go from the visitor center across to the main pueblo, along both sides of the ruins and down to the two ball courts below.  They include extensive stairways, supporting rock walls and metal...
  • Trails and Erosion Works - Madera Canyon AZ
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was very active in the Coronado National Forest during the 1930s. Coronado National Forest is discontinuous across southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico because the forested areas occur only on isolated mountain ranges called "Sky Islands" – a type of landscape similar to the Basin and Range in Nevada. There were five CCC camps in Coronado National Forest, including Camp F-30 in Madera Canyon in the Santa Rita Mountains. We do not know the exact location or years of operation of that camp. "The CCC performed a great deal of work here , building recreational facilities and...
  • Transcanyon Telephone Line - Grand Canyon National Park AZ
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) conducted extensive development work at the Grand Canyon, 1933-42, including construction of the Transcanyon Telephone Line. A plaque declaring the placement of the Transcanyon Telephone Line on the National Register of Historic Places can be found along the wall of Rim Trail, between Thunderbird Lodge and Kachina Lodge. Resthouses along the Bright Angel Trail feature telephones that are still connected to the line. CCC Walking Tour: "Because communication between the North and South Rims was frequently difficult and unreliable, the CCC began construction of a telephone line across the canyon in November 1934. A group started from...
  • Tree Planting for Hillside Stabilization - Jerome AZ
    The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was active in Jerome, a copper mining town hit hard by the Great Depression.  The WPA hired out-of-work miners for several projects in Jerome and nearby towns. One of those projects was planting trees to stabilize the steep hillside on which the town is built (like so many western mining towns).  The favorite tree for the job was the tough, fast-growing Ailanthus, or Chinese Tree of Heaven. Since the species readily spreads by root suckers, they are all over the town to this day.  But the harsh climate of Jerome, varying from winter snow to desert heat,...
  • Tucson Mountain Park: Gates Pass Road & Overlook - Tucson AZ
    Tucson Mountain Park, created in 1929, was opened to general recreation use in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), working with the Pima County parks agency.  The northern half of the original park was added to the Saguaro National Monument in 1961, which became a national park in 1994, and this portion of the park was renamed Saguaro National Park – Tucson Mountain District (TMD). (See also Saguaro NP (TMD) project pages) The CCC 'boys' set up Camp Pima, SP6A, in December 1933 at the northwest corner of what was is now Saguaro NP.  Working from there, they carried out extensive...
  • Tucson Mountain Park: Improvements - Tucson AZ
    Tucson Mountain Park, created in 1929, was opened to general recreation use in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), working with the Pima County parks agency.  The northern half of the original park was added to the Saguaro National Monument in 1961, which became a national park in 1994, and this portion of the park was renamed Saguaro National Park – Tucson Mountain District (TMD). (See also Saguaro NP (TMD) project pages) The CCC 'boys' set up Camp Pima, SP6A, in December 1933 at the northwest corner of what was is now Saguaro NP.  Working from there, they carried out extensive...
  • Tucson Plant Materials Center - Tucson AZ
    "Public Works Administration funds financed construction of the Tucson Plant Materials Center. Hispanic workers hired with Federal Emergency Relief Administration funds made the adobe blocks. The eight original buildings at the center were later assembled by Civilian Conservation Corps enrollees between 1935 and 1941. Designed according to the Pueblo Revival style which imitates early southwestern Native American and Spanish architecture, the buildings were constructed with flat roofs, rounded corners, vigas (exposed wooden roof beams), and rough-carved, wooden porches. Today only two buildings, the administration and the general utility building, remain. The Tucson Plant Materials Center was one of 48 nurseries...
  • Tumacácori National Historical Park: Dioramas - Tumacácori AZ
    The Tumacácori National Monument was set aside by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 to protect the ruins of the Mission of San Jose de Tumacacori.  In 1918, it came under the administration of the National Park Service and its regional 'custodian', Frank Pinkley.  Congress created the Tumacácori National Historic Park in 1990, adding the ruins of two nearby missions, Los Santos Angeles de Guevavi and San Cayetano de Calabazas. Under the park service's guidance, Tumacácori mission church and its dependencies were stabilized in 1920-21, but intentionally not restored.  Only with the aid of the New Deal did the park come to...
  • Tumacácori National Historical Park: External Walls & Facilities - Tumacácori AZ
    The Tumacácori National Monument was set aside by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 to protect the ruins of the Mission of San Jose de Tumacacori.  In 1918, it came under the administration of the National Park Service and its regional 'custodian', Frank Pinkley.  Congress created the Tumacácori National Historic Park in 1990, adding the ruins of two nearby missions, Los Santos Angeles de Guevavi and San Cayetano de Calabazas. Under the park service's guidance, Tumacácori mission church and its dependencies were stabilized in 1920-21, but intentionally not fully restored.  Only with the aid of the New Deal did the park come...
  • Tumacácori National Historical Park: Gardens - Tumacácori AZ
    The Tumacácori National Monument was set aside by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 to protect the ruins of the Mission of San Jose de Tumacacori.  In 1918, it came under the administration of the National Park Service and its regional 'custodian', Frank Pinkley.  Congress created the Tumacácori National Historic Park in 1990, adding the ruins of two nearby missions, Los Santos Angeles de Guevavi and San Cayetano de Calabazas. Under the park service's guidance, Tumacácori mission church and its dependencies were stabilized in 1920-21, but intentionally not fully restored.  Only with the aid of the New Deal did the park come...
  • Tumacácori National Historical Park: Museum & Visitor Center - Tumacácori AZ
    The Tumacácori National Monument was set aside by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 to protect the ruins of the Mission of San Jose de Tumacacori.  In 1918, it came under the administration of the National Park Service and its regional 'custodian', Frank Pinkley.  Congress created the Tumacácori National Historic Park in 1990, adding the ruins of two nearby missions, Los Santos Angeles de Guevavi and San Cayetano de Calabazas. Under the park service's guidance, Tumacácori mission church and its dependencies were stabilized in 1920-21, but intentionally not restored.  Only with the aid of the New Deal did the park come to...
  • Tumacácori National Historical Park: Wooden Doors & Furniture - Tumacácori AZ
    The Tumacácori National Monument was set aside by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 to protect the ruins of the Mission of San Jose de Tumacacori.  In 1918, it came under the administration of the National Park Service and its regional 'custodian', Frank Pinkley.  Congress created the Tumacácori National Historic Park in 1990, adding the ruins of two nearby missions, Los Santos Angeles de Guevavi and San Cayetano de Calabazas. Under the park service's guidance, Tumacácori mission church and its dependencies were stabilized in 1920-21, but intentionally not fully restored.  Only with the aid of the New Deal did the park come...
  • Turquoise Valley Golf Course and Clubhouse - Naco AZ
    The Civil Works Administration (CWA) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) built a clubhouse and completed improvements at the Warren District Country Club, located between Bisbee and Naco. The CWA began the project and the WPA finished it. The University of Arizona Libraries Digital Collections describe the work done by the WPA: "The first nine holes at the Turquoise Valley Golf Course were constructed with funds from the Works Progress Administration. They remain largely unchanged -- still challenging -- since their completion in 1936. The Turquoise Valley Golf Course is the oldest continuously operated course in Arizona. The Clubhouse, constructed from...
  • Tusayan Ranger Station - Kaibab National Forest AZ
    Several structures along Lincoln Log Loop in the Tusuyan Ranger Station complex were originally constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC).  "The Tusayan Ranger Station is one of the most historically-intact Forest Service administration complexes in Arizona. Six buildings were constructed by Civilian Conservation Corps enrollees from the Grand Canyon camp, NP2A, between 1939 and 1942. They include a residence and associated shed, office, barn and corral, garage, and seed shed. Designed in the National Park Service Rustic architecture style, the buildings are sheathed in a masonry veneer of red sandstone cut from a nearby quarry. The site represents the expanded...
  • Tuzigoot National Monument: Excavation and Reconstruction - Clarkdale AZ
    Tuzigoot is an ancient hilltop settlement of the Sinagua people, c 1100-1400 A.D.  It is one of the largest of scores of such settlements throughout the Verde River valley of Northern Arizona.  By the 20th century, the buildings on the site, made of stone and adobe, had fallen completely to ruin. The New Deal aided in the archeological reconstruction of the site in the early 1930s.  The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) began providing funds in October 1933 and this was continued under the Civil Works Administration (CWA) from November 1933 to June 1934.  This allowed for the hiring of two archeologists and...
  • Tuzigoot National Monument: Museum and Visitors Center - Clarkdale AZ
    Tuzigoot is an ancient hilltop settlement of the Sinagua people, c 1100-1400 A.D.  It is one of the largest of scores of such settlements throughout the Verde River valley of Northern Arizona.  By the 20th century, the buildings on the site, made of stone and adobe, had fallen completely to ruin.  The New Deal aided in the archeological reconstruction of the site in the early 1930s.   Following on the restoration work, the New Deal helped open the site to the public. In 1936, the museum and visitor center were built by local relief workers hired by the Works Progress Administration...
  • U.S. Custom House - Naco AZ
    "The Custom House at Naco was constructed in 1936 with funds from the Public Works Administration. Louis Simon, architect for the Public Buildings Branch of the Treasury Department, designed the Custom House in the Pueblo Revival style. The two-story building is an outstanding example of this style and includes southwestern features of battered (sloped) and rounded walls, parapets, rough-hewn rafters and vigas, waterspouts, window lintels, and a decorative ladder. In addition to its fine artistry and historic integrity, the building is the only Custom House on the Arizona border designed in the Pueblo Revival style."
  • U.S. Custom House - Nogales AZ
    "Funded by the Public Works Administration in 1934 and constructed in 1935 in the Spanish Eclectic style, the imposing U.S. Custom House is a reminder of the importance of Nogales as a primary port of entry from Mexico along the Arizona border. Louis A. Simon, a prominent federal architect, was its designer." P.W.A. Federal Project No. 46
  • U.S. Highway 70 - Globe AZ
    The federal Works Progress Administration (WPA) worked to develop and improve U.S. Highway 60 near Globe, Arizona during the 1930s.
  • University of Arizona at Tucson, Chemistry Building - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of the Science Building (today known as the Chemistry Building) at the University of Arizona at Tucson. The structure was designed by Roy Place and built in 1936. A 1986 National Register of Historic Places form describes the formal qualities of the building: “The Chemistry - Physics Building is a two-story red brick building constructed in the Italian Romanesque Revival style. However, the two main entrances are classical in detail. The building faces north on to the mall. Its walls are constructed in English Bond; there is a concrete base with ashlar markings. There are...
  • University of Arizona at Tucson: Administration Building (Robert L. Nugent Building) - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of the Administration building at the University of Arizona at Tucson. The structure was designed by Roy Place and was built in 1937. Today the building is known as the Robert L. Nugent Building and serves as the Office of Undergraduate Admissions.
  • University of Arizona at Tucson: Auditorium (Centennial Hall) - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of the auditorium at the University of Arizona, Tucson campus. It was designed by campus architect Roy Place. The venue opened in 1937 and hosted musical programs, plays, and lectures for students and the general public. The auditorium is known today as Centennial Hall.
  • University of Arizona at Tucson: Gila Residence Hall - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of Gila Residence Hall at the University of Arizona at Tucson. The building served as a women’s dormitory. The structure was designed by Roy Place and built in 1937. It was renovated in 1988 and added to the National Register of Historic Places.
  • University of Arizona at Tucson: Humanities Building - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of the Humanities Building at the University of Arizona at Tucson. The structure was designed by Roy Place and built in 1935. A 1986 National Register of Historic Places form describes the formal qualities of the building: “The two story brick classroom building, facing north to North Campus Drive, is in the Italian Romanesque Revival style. The brickwork is English Bond. There is a concrete base with distinct ashlar patterning. There is a recessed entry highlighted by terracotta columns (in-antis) having abstract basket-weave capitals. A triple arch composition over the entry has two terra cotta...
  • University of Arizona at Tucson: Yuma Residence Hall - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration funded the construction of Yuma Residence Hall at the University of Arizona at Tucson. The structure was designed by Roy Place and was built in 1937. The building served as a women’s dormitory.
  • University of Arizona Campus Historic District - Tucson AZ
    "In 1934 University of Arizona President Homer Shantz persuaded Arizona's governor and state legislature to request funding from the Public Works Administration for a major building program on the university campus. PWA funds supported the construction of numerous buildings, seven of which still stand: the Arizona State Museum, Chemistry, Humanities (CESL), Auditorium (Centennial Hall), Administration (Nugent Hall), and two women's dormitories (Gila and Yuma Halls). The seven buildings were designed by Tucson architect Roy Place in the Spanish/Italian Romanesque style. They display large, rounded arches over windows and entryways; the masonry façades contain multiple materials of contrasting colors in decorative...
  • University of Arizona Entrance Gate - Tucson AZ
    The Works Progress Administration built the entrance gate to the University of Arizona, Tucson campus, circa 1937.
  • University of Arizona: Arizona State Museum South Building - Tucson AZ
    "These illustrations are of the new museum building on the campus of the University of Arizona. It is 76 by 140 feet with a museum room on the first floor 87 by 70 feet, two small rooms each 31 by 23 feet, and offices for the curator and staff. A mezzanine exhibition gallery extends around the building. Construction is semifireproof with exterior walls of brick trimmed with stone. The project was completed in March 1937. The project cost of $1,043,174 included 16 buildings for the university." The museum is located at 1013 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ.
  • University of Arizona: Infirmary (Former) - Tucson AZ
    The Public Works Administration (PWA) funded the construction of the Infirmary, which was part of the PWA expansion of the University of Arizona. The structure was completed in May, 1936. The infirmary was remodeled as the Student Health Center in 1964.  
  • University of Arizona: Laboratory and Greenhouse - Tucson AZ
    "The structure illustrated on this page was erected by the Soil Conservation Service of the Department of Agriculture to provide an erosion-control nursery and laboratories for the growing and testing of soil-protecting trees, bushes, plants, and grasses, as well as facilities for seed assembling and distribution. The building is of adobe construction and contains offices, a conference room, rooms for seed storage and packing, and a dark room. The greenhouse is typical greenhouse construction. The project was completed in August 1935 and the P.W.A. allotment was $17,190." The greenhouse may have recently been demolished (https://parentseyes.arizona.edu/placesinthesun/beginnings.php).
  • University of Arizona: ROTC stables - Tucson AZ
    The Publics Works Administration funded the construction of ROTC stables, infirmary, and barracks for the cavalry training program. Interestingly, by the time of completion horses were already practically obsolete within the US military. Within five years, "cavalry" would mean meant tanks, not horses. "The R. O. T. C. Stables was another PWA project, designed by Roy Place and built by the M. M. Sundt Co. It is located on the north side of Warren Avenue, north of the University of Arizona Medical Center, next to the old UA polo field. It was completed in March, 1936. Original cost was $24,342. Later,...
  • University of Arizona: Student Union Building Extension/Old Women's Building - Tucson AZ
    "The University of Arizona carried out a rather extensive building program with the aid of the P.W.A. The women's building is characteristic of the architecture that was adopted for all buildings and has a somewhat north Italian medieval flavor and blends with the surroundings. The building is part one and part two stories in height. On the first floor is a women's gymnasium, 61 by 90 feet, with special exercise and locker rooms adjoining. There is also a swimming pool, 30 by 75 feet, furnished with underwater lighting and a modern sterilizing and filtering plant. On the second floor is a...
  • Upper Gila River Valley Erosion Control Project - Greenlee County AZ
    "The Black Hills Back Country Byway offers both outstanding scenery in the Peloncillo Mountains and some great examples of erosion control devices constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps. The Gila River area was identified in 1934 as a Soil Conservation Service demonstration site. The Public Works Administration provided funding for 6,000 young laborers supervised by Soil Conservation Service and Department of Grazing advisers. Cemented rock dams, like the one found on the east side of the byway at mile post 13.4, stop waters from flowing across the land and destroying the roadway. Rock spreader dikes, loose lines of stone laid...
  • Upper Park - Jerome AZ
    The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was active in Jerome, a copper mining town hit hard by the Great Depression.  The WPA hired out-of-work miners for several projects in Jerome and nearby towns, c. 1937-38.  One of those projects is "Upper Park" on the hillside between upper Main Street and Clark Street. The parks consist of two parts.  Along Main Street a spacious, curving bank of stone risers is flanked by stairways and stone walls, with a short pair of central stairs and a metal drinking fountain.  The stairways lead up to a small area with grass and trees, backed by a...
  • Vargas Stadium - Winslow AZ
    "Fans still fill the wooden benches of Vargas Stadium to watch baseball games on the community athletic field. The clubhouse and the stadium were constructed in 1937 and funded by the WPA."
  • Virginia Street Bridge - Prescott AZ
    In 1936, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) built a bridge on E. Willis Street across a small wash just east of N. Virginia Street in Prescott AZ.  It is a short bridge made of concrete and local stone, in typical WPA rustic style.  The downstream side (north) has a long channel, presumably to prevent erosion of the banks. The WPA project card in the National Archives is mislabeled as the Virginia Street bridge – an understandable error, given that there are two WPA bridges, one on West Willis and one on East Willis Street (the Virginia Street bridge is not actually...
  • Visitor Center - Walnut Canyon National Monument AZ
    Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollees from the Mt. Elden Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp near Flagstaff worked at Walnut Canyon National Monument from 1938 to 1942. They made several improvements to the monument for public recreational use. One was to build the original visitor center at Observation Point from sandstone blocks cut from a nearby quarry.  The visitor center was completely altered during the 1960s by adding a new floor on top of the original building; the new second floor is where visitors' enter today to find information, displays and the tourist shop.  The lower floor is used for offices and...
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