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  • Rand National Historic Site: Graves Creek Bridge (former) - Galice OR
    The Rand National Historic Site is located on the west side of the Rogue River in southwestern Oregon, 25 miles northwest of Grants Pass and 3 miles downstream from Galice. Rand's history covers the Gold Rush, establishment of the Siskiyou National Forest and the 2oth century logging era, plus the postwar recreation era that followed designation of the Rogue as a National Wild and Scenic River. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) played a central role in that history, with some of the CCC's work still very much visible.  The CCC built and occupied Camp Rand from 1933 to 1941. After building their camp,...
  • Randall Recreation Center Grading - Washington DC
    The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was charged with two rounds of improvement of the parks and recreational facilities in Washington DC.  A major program of parks improvement was undertaken in 1935-36 and a second, lesser round occurred in the early 1940s, when the WPA was under the Federal Works Administration (FWA). The approved works in the second round were tennis courts at Palisades Playground, Edgewood Playground, and Reservation "C" on the Mall; grading, filling, and constructing tennis courts at Turkey Thicket playground; excavating cinders from west parking area and surfacing east parking lot at Takoma Recreation Center; spreading topsoil on south...
  • Ranger Residence - Pinedale WY
    In 1933, U.S. Forest Service workers constructed a ranger residence at 243 West Pine Street in the city of Pinedale, Wyoming. The Colonial-Revival style building follows standard architectural plans created by George L. Nichols, a prominent regional architect whose designs were utilized by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) throughout the 1930s. The building was originally used as both an office and a dwelling for USFS rangers to administer services in the nearby Bridger-Teton National Forest. Today, the Pinedale Ranger District uses the dwelling for storage and occasional employee housing.
  • Ranger Residences - Petrified Forest National Park AZ
    A major upgrade of facilities at the Petrified Forest National Monument (now National Park) was undertaken by the New Deal in the 1930s.  The work was carried out in 1936--40 by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), under the direction of the National Park Service (NPS), with a grant from the Public Works Administration (PWA). The most notable achievement was construction of the Painted Desert Inn in the northern portion of the park (above Route 66, now Interstate 40).  Across Petrified Forest Road from the inn are two residences built for the park staff at the same time. Both were done in...
  • Ranger Station (demolished) - Fountain Springs CA
    The Pixley Enterprise reported in 1938 that a Ranger Station had been built in Fountain Springs, at the head of the road to California Hot Springs. The building was made of adobe brick in old California Ranch style. It was a joint project of the Civilian Conservation Corps CCC), National Youth Administration (NYA) and state workers. We have not been able to locate this building and presume that it has disappeared.
  • Rankin County Jail (demolished) - Brandon MS
    The two-story jail was completed in 1936 for a total cost of $27,453. Public Works Administration provided a grant of $12,310 and Rankin County provided the remainder through a bond election. The project, W1159, was approved November 14, 1935, and bids advertised in November. Contracts were awarded December 14, 1935. The Mississippi Department of Archives and History documents N. W. Overstreet & A. H. Town as architects. The Jackson Clarion-Ledger (Nov 1, 1936) identified E. L. Malvaney as architect and I. C. Garbor and Sons construction. Construction began March 9, 1936 and was completed September 22, 1936. The jail was...
  • Rawlins Park Redevelopment - Washington DC
    According to the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites (2009 edition), the history of Rawlins Park dates back to about 1872, when Congress authorized $10,000 for a statue of Union General John Rawlins.   From 1935 to 1938, Rawlins Park was redesigned and renovated by the Works Progress Administration (WPA).  This work included a reflecting pool and new landscaping, and probably more.  (There are two reflecting pools at the park today). A recent walking tour guide to New Deal Washington reports that Rawlins Park “is typical of Works Progress Administration projects that rehabilitated parks throughout the U.S.” (NEA, 2009) A Historic American...
  • Realty Road - Ashland ME
    In January 1934, an ambitious project of opening up the vast forested area of northern Maine by the construction of a 94 mile road connecting Ashland Maine and Lac Frontier Quebec Canada and called the Brann Scenic Highway was launched. By February, there was unanimous endorsement by the towns of Northern Maine and a survey launched by the Civil Works Administration. Governor Louis J. Brann was the honorary chairman and Maine CWA Executive John McDonough was project director. The Bangor Daily News reported that 125 telegrams from business, civic leaders, and individuals were sent in in support of the project....
  • Rebel Trains 352 and 353 (Demolished) - Mobile AL
    In 1934, the Interstate Commerce Commission approved a $1 million loan to the Gulf, Mobile & Northern Railroad Company (GM&N), from the New Deal’s Public Works Administration (PWA).  Out of this money came two streamliners: Rebel trains 352 and 353.  The Rebels ran a route from Jackson, Tennessee to New Orleans, from 1935 to 1954.  They appear to have been scrapped in 1962. (Note: In 1940, GM&N was merged into the new Gulf, Mobile & Ohio (GM&O) Railroad.) The red and silver Rebels were designed by Otto Kuhler and constructed by American Car & Foundry.  The locomotives (“powercars”) had 660 horsepower Diesel...
  • Recreation Areas - Butte MT
    Montana's Big Timber Pioneer newspaper reported in early 1937 that several National Youth Administration (NYA) recreation projects had recently been completed around Butte:  "winter sports area at Robbers' Roost, four tennis courts which will be ready for use the next spring, 44 regulation horseshoe courts and three playground areas."
  • Red Mountain Creek Bridge - Piercy CA
    In 1935, a bridge was built over Red Mountain Creek in rural Mendocino county south of Piercy along the old Redwood Highway (a piece of which appears to be renamed "Rosewarne Road"). The funds were granted by the federal government – probably the Bureau Public Roads – under the New Deal to the state of California Department of Highways. Later, Interstate 101 was built along the same route and the old bridge was removed.
  • Redrock School (former) - Redrock NM
    On September 11, 1935, the Grant County Board of Education submitted a WPA proposal to build a new school at Redrock, a farming hamlet on the Gila River, approximately 70 miles southwest of the county seat in Silver City. The board had been busy the summer and into the fall, preparing similar project proposals for far-flung rural school districts. Redrock, separated by a mountain from Silver City, was a remote, thinly populated area closer to Lordsburg (32 miles), the county seat of neighboring Hidalgo County. The Board justified the need for a new school at Redrock, stating in the application that the existing...
  • Redwood Bowl, Cal Poly Humboldt - Arcata CA
    Cal Poly Humboldt (formerly California State University Humboldt) began as Humboldt Teachers' (or Normal) College in 1913 and moved to its present location on a hill northeast of Arcata, California, in 1921.  Founders' Hall was built at the top of the hill in the 1920s and the campus has filled in below over time. During the New Deal, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) built the athletic fields and bleachers at what is now known as Redwood Bowl, just east of Founders Hall. The facilities have been greatly enlarged and upgraded over the years, but the roofed bleachers on the west side...
  • Reese River Valley Ranger Station - Bend OR
    This former ranger station was erected in 1933 by the CCC and originally existed in Bridgeport, CA. It was later moved to Reese River Valley and remained active until the 1980s. After falling into neglect, a volunteer group of former National Forest Service employees known as the 'Smokeys' were able to relocate this ranger station to Bend, OR at the High Desert Museum where it was fully restored and put on display in 2009. According to the architectural historian for the (Bend) region's national Forest Service, this station is the only surviving building of its type that has not been subjected...
  • Reinhardt Redwood Regional Park Improvements - Oakland CA
    The East Bay Regional Parks District (EBRPD) was formed in 1934 and acquired land for parks from the East Bay Municipal Water District in 1936.  The first parks were Tilden, Sibley, Temescal and Redwood in the East Bay Hills behind Berkeley and Oakland CA.  The New Deal provided extensive aid towards improving the new parks (except for Sibley) for public recreation, working with the Parks District's first general manager, Elbert Vail. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) set up five camps in the East Bay hills and operated in the parks for the entire New Deal decade, 1933-42.   The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was...
  • Relief Work - Waterville ME
    In 1933, acting under the leadership of Mayor Thayer, the local C.W.A. administrator, various actions were taken to stabilize the finances of the town and reemploy as many people as possible. Reconstruction Finance Corporation Grant Received during 1933: $19,820.75 Among the various project launched: 1-H Sewing project "supervised by Mrs. Blye Drew. Clothing of all kinds has been furnished, through the Poor Department, for the relief of needy persons. More than 400' mackinaws have been made and distributed to minimum paid 'Civil Works employees engaged in outdoor work, in this, the most severe winter we have experienced in a generation." (Thayer) No. 1 J -...
  • Reseda Park - Reseda CA
    The Annual Report from 1932-33 of the Los Angeles Board of Park Commissioners describes the role of federal funding in developing Reseda Park, which still serves the community today: "Reseda Park is one of the city parks located in San Fernando Valley at Reseda and Etiwanda Avenues, Kittridge Street, and Victory Boulevard. Being forty acres in area it provides a delightful recreational spot for the residents of San Fernando Valley. A great deal of improvement was accomplished during 1932-1933 with the help of the R.F.C. and County Welfare workmen. Fifteen hundred lineal feet of walks were built, involving the grading of 600...
  • Reservoir - Pomona CA
    In the Dec. 6 1933 issue of the Daily Illustrated News; "Seventeen new county projects, under which 1400 men will be employed under the Civil Works Administration (CWA) program were approved yesterday by the county civil works committee, among them being the construction of a 5,000,000-gallon reservoir in Pomona at a cost of $99,440."
  • Resettlement Farmsteads - Kearney NE
    The first rehabilitation farm project to be established in Nebraska, and among the first in the country, was established at Kearney. Fifty-seven acres of land were purchased by the Rural Rehabilitation program. The land lay just north of the north line of East Lawn and east of the branch line tracks. Eight homesteads of about seven acres each were established on this track, and work subdividing the land, erecting fencing, homes and other improvements began in the summer of 1934. Under provisions of the act regulating the rehabilitation farmsteads, tenant families assigned to the homesteads would rent the property for...
  • Restroom (Comfort Station) - Walnut Canyon National Monument AZ
    Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollees from the Mt. Elden Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp near Flagstaff worked at Walnut Canyon National Monument from 1938 to 1942.  The CCC built the stone comfort station (restrooms) on a rise above the visitors' center. It is constructed with local stone with a flat roof in the same Southwest rustic style as the CCC visitors' center.  The restrooms still function – although a ranger said that after each winter it can need work.  There are modern restrooms in the new visitors' center.  Walnut Canyon is an important site of cliff dwellings left by the Sinagua people,...
  • Retaining Walls for Mineworkers' Residence Hall (former) - Jerome AZ
    The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was active in Jerome, a copper mining town hit hard by the Great Depression.  The WPA hired out-of-work miners for several projects in Jerome and nearby towns. In 1937, the WPA relief workers built retaining walls to prevent erosion and collapse of the hillside below the Little Daisy Hotel – which was not a hotel but a workers' residence hall built by the owners of the Little Daisy mine in 1918.  The mine failed in 1938 and the building was closed. At some later time, the top floor was removed and the next floor gutted, leaving only...
  • Rhode Island Avenue NE Improvements - Washington DC
    The Works Progress Administration (WPA) carried out pavement repair and other, unspecified improvements to a segment of Rhode Island Avenue NE, from Twelfth Street to Sixteenth Street, in 1935-36. The work was part of the $949,496 WPA allotment for DC roadwork for fiscal year 1936. This WPA roadwork is probably not discernible today due to subsequent road maintenance, repairs, or alterations.
  • Rice Island Park Shelter - Corydon IN
    The Works Progress Administration built a shelter in Rice Island park in Corydon IN. This event center was created on former school athletic fields.
  • Rich County Courthouse - Randolph UT
    The Rich County courthouse replaced a 1888 courthouse that had been built for $2,479. Discussion began in May, 1940 when Raymond Ashton - at the county commisioners' request - presented a drawing for a new Rich County courthouse. He proposed a one story concrete building built with "W.P.A. labor, salvage material in the present building and by securing local timber" (Minutes, May 1940). Given the coming of winter and the unemployment situation, there was no disucussion and a unanimous vote. The county portion was estimated at $20,000 with the W.P.A. to pay all labor and $2550 towards materials for a...
  • Richardson Grove State Park Development - Garberville CA
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) made several improvements to Richardson Grove State Park during the period 1933-40.  Richardson Grove was one of the original Old Growth redwood groves purchased by the Save the Redwoods League in the early 20th century and passed over to the California state parks. It was officially established around a single grove in 1922 and has been expanded to 1,800 acres since. Little had been done in the way of improvements before the New Deal, in part because California did not establish a full state parks system until 1928.  Working from camps farther north in Humboldt Redwoods...
  • Richwood Town Hall / Opera House Work - Richwood OH
    The municipal building at 101 S. Franklin St. in Richwood, Ohio has seen many functions over the years and was the site of New Deal work relief efforts during the Great Depression. Est. in 1890 to function as the seat of the Village Government, house the police force and jail, house the fire department, and an Opera House. From 1933 to 1935 the building was gutted as part of Project B-1618 of the Civil Works Administration and Project 80-B4-4 of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. The local government stayed in place, an addition was built to house the fire department, the Opera...
  • Ricker Pond State Park - Groton VT
    A developed campsite within the 26,000 acre Groton State Forest, Ricker Pond State Park was constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps. "In 1933, CCC Company 1217 from New York City was stationed at Ricker Mills and then followed by Company 1162 in 1935. Ricker Pond was originally a picnic area with a log shelter, 10 picnic sites with stone fireplaces, and a staff cabin (rangers quarters). Where the current campsite #1 exists, you can find an 8’ granite picnic table carved into the rock. In 1941-42, another small cabin was built, which is used today as a weekly rental cottage."
  • Rim Trail - Walnut Canyon National Monument AZ
    Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) enrollees from the Mt. Elden Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp near Flagstaff worked at Walnut Canyon National Monument from 1938 to 1942. Among other work, the CCC crews almost surely built the Rim Trail, which departs from the Visitors' Center and heads east for roughly a quarter-mile along the north rim of Walnut Canyon, ending at a stone terrace observation point. All the sources omit this trail to focus on the Island Trail in discussing the work of the CCC at Walnut Canyon, but the stone work and railings at the Rim Trail and observation terrace are similar...
  • Rim Trail: Log Benches - Grand Canyon Village AZ
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) conducted extensive development work at Grand Canyon Village,  1933-37. The National Park Service CCC Walking Tour notes that: "While the CCC crews were refurbishing the rock wall , they also constructed new log benches." Documentation is lacking as to whether the benches extant today were the original benches made by the CCC.
  • Rim Trail: Resurfacing - Grand Canyon Village AZ
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) conducted extensive development work at Grand Canyon Village, 1933 to 1937, including resurfacing the Rim Trail from roughly Hermit Road to Yavapai Point. The resurfacing extended far beyond the part of the trail in front of the hotels where the CCC built the well-known rock wall. The National Park Service's CCC Walking Tour states that, "During the summer of 1935, the CCC resurfaced the path along the rim ... and improved the trail to the east as far as Yavapai Observation Station."
  • Rim Trail: Rock Wall - Grand Canyon Village AZ
    The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) conducted extensive development work at Grand Canyon Village, including reconstruction of an approximately 0.4-mile stretch of wall along the central portion of the Rim Trail, roughly between Bright Angel Lodge and El Tovar Hotel. The National Park Service's CCC Walking Tour says this: "Civilian Conservation Corps crews completely rebuilt the rock wall along the rim from Verkamps Curios to Lookout Studio in 1934–35, replacing a deteriorated, poorly constructed dry-laid wall and a section of wooden fence. Project planners standardized dimensions at 27 inches (69 cm) high and 18 inches (46 cm) wide." The most famous feature of...
  • Rincon Annex Ceramic Panel - San Francisco CA
    This ceramic panel is at the west entrance of the Rincon Annex.  We have no information on the artist and provenance of this piece.
  • Ritter Park - Huntington WV
    Ritter Park is a historic park founded in 1913. The Works Progress Administration carried out improvement work in the 1930s. The National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form for Ritter Park notes that Gus Wofford, a landscape architect who worked for the Board of Park Commissioners, is "credited with the park's two arched stone gates at the 10th Street entrance, a formal flower garden near 12th Street, footbridges crossing Four Pole Creek and related streams, tennis courts, a greenhouse, and picnic facilities. Much of this work appears to have been accomplished through the support of the federal government in the 1930s. The Works Progress...
  • River Road - New Portland ME
    An article in the Independent Reporter August 24, 1933 reports of 7 CWA projects for Somerset County, of which is $3000 for work on the River Road connecting East and West New Portland "as far as it will go".
  • River Trail - Grand Canyon National Park AZ
    In 1933-36, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) constructed the Grand Canyon's River Trail at the bottom of the canyon between the Bright Angel and Kaibab trails. The National Park Service's CCC Walking Tour, discussing various CCC trail development projects, notes: "The Colorado River Trail (also 1933-36), connecting the Bright Angel Trail and the South Kaibab Trail along the south side of the Colorado River, is only two miles (3 km) long, but has the reputation of being the most difficult and hazardous trail construction ever attempted in the canyon. Crew members blasted the trail bed into the schist and granite cliffs...
  • Riverbank Park Improvements - Westbrook ME
    The Civil Works Administration (CWA) completed improvements at Riverbank Park in Westbrook ME. "Riverbank Improved by C. W. A. Project The C.W.A. project for improving Riverbank, and greatly appreciated by the Trustees, consisted in the closing of the unsightly dump on the bank of the river and establishing of a new city dump at the foot of Foster Street. A large amount of filling required was moved by trucks in the winter to grade the river bank, also to build a road-way across the gully at the new city dump. The grading, fertilizing and seeding of the improved section was done by...
  • Riverdale Ditch (dismantled) - Riverdale CA
    A CWA project in March 1934 rebuilt an irrigation ditch to go around the Riverdale High School athletic field. $2,937.05 was the amount provided for the project as part of the employment of 262 men that month in Fresno County. When this researcher visited the site last month, it appeared to have be recently filled in, even though it is still listed on Google Maps.
  • Riverside Drive Improvement - Los Angeles CA
    "The Riverside Drive Improvement, Work Project Nos. 145 and 6951, was sponsored by the County of Los Angeles. The work involved the construction and improvement of Riverside Drive from Victory Boulevard Bridge to Barham Boulevard, a distance of three and one quarter miles. The work consisted of grading a 60' - 0" roadway two and one quarter miles long and paving three and one quarter miles of 56' - 0" roadway with rock and oil pavement, the construction of a reinforced concrete pedestrian tunnel and the installation of Corrugated iron Pipe Culverts ranging from 36" to 48" in diameter. The...
  • Riverside Golf Course Expansion - Portland ME
    Portland's Riverside Golf Course was one of several local sites to be improved by the WPA in 1936 when "the Public Works and Park Departments received $86,875 in WPA funds for engineering, supervision, a portion of the wages of skilled labor, equipment hire, and some materials." (Conforti) The golf course was originally built in 1932, but only expanded to an 18-hole course with this WPA funding. In the winter, the course is used for skiing, sledding, an ice rink and other seasonal activities.
  • Riverside Speedway Grandstand - Neligh NE
    In April 1936, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) approved a project for the construction of a new grandstand and tunnel at the Riverside Speedway in Neligh. The project would necessitate the razing of the existing grandstand, which was too small, and erecting a new one along with a tunnel under the speedway at the south end of the grandstand. Plans called for seating of approximately 2000, which would greatly improve the seating capacity of the speedway. The cost was anticipated to be approximately $4,200.00, 20% of which would be borne by the city. Work on the grandstand began in September 1936....
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