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New Deal Category: Penal Facilities

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Roosevelt County Courthouse – Portales NM

Roosevelt County Courthouse

Construction of the Roosevelt County Courthouse and Jail was undertaken as a New Deal project during the Great Depression. Sometimes mis-attributed to the Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.), the building was actually a Public Works Administration (P.W.A.) project. The P.W.A. supplied… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Courthouses (State & Local), Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Public Works Administration (PWA)

Rowan County Jail and Superintendent’s Office – Morehead KY

The Rowan County Jail and Superintendent’s Office was completed in 1938 with funding from the WPA. Both the jail and the supt office are constructed of local rock.  The jail has crenellations decorating the top giving the appearance of a… read more

Project type: Auxiliary Civic Facilities, Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

San Francisco Hall of Justice and County Jail (demolished) – San Francisco CA

San Francisco Hall of Justice and County Jail

Rehabilitated County Jail.–Healy, p. 72. General rehabilitation of building with additional rooms on roof. Completion of unfinished work by S.E.R.A.–Mooser, p. 85. This Hall of Justice was built in 1912 and rehabilitated by the WPA in the 1930s. However, the… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Santa Cruz City Jail (former) – Santa Cruz CA

“In 1936 the Works Progress Administration provided funds for the construction of jail designed by Albert Roller at 705 Front Street, at a cost of $190,000 and built to hold 68 men and 8 women. As completion of construction neared… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Scott County Jail and Courthouse Annex (former) – Forest MS

The federal Public Works Administration (P.W.A.) supplied funds to undertake this county project during the 1930s. The jail was added to the rear of the courthouse with PWA project Miss. 1287-F. The courthouse was remodeled, with an Art Moderne style…. read more

Project type: Courthouses (State & Local), Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Public Works Administration (PWA)

State Penitentiary Improvements – Parchman MS

Using ERA funds, Parchman Farm State Penitentiary was one of several state institutions to receive funding for repairs and improvements, 1934-1935. The Penal Board president reported many buildings in need of repair, including the farm’s light plant. Specific repairs are… read more

Project type: Penal Facilities, Military and Public Safety
Agency: Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

Trinity County Jail – Groveton TX

Built through the Works Progress Administration (WPA) between 1938 and 1939, this two story building is constructed of native limestone rock, with metal bars on the windows and doors. Has some cement ornamentation between the windows. Has a flat roof…. read more

Project type: Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Tunica Penal Farm – Tunica MS

The concrete, one-story building was constructed in 1934 at a then-cost of $11,000, of which the county furnished $4,000 and the federal Civil Works Administration (CWA) furnished the remainder. The structure was designed by A. H. Town and N. W…. read more

Project type: Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Civil Works Administration (CWA)

Union County Jail – New Albany MS

A new county jail and improvements to the existing county courthouse were approved as PWA project 1272 July 23, 1938. E. L. Malvaney was architect for the two-story concrete Art Deco jail. Construction began 10/10/1938 and was completed 3/29/1939. PWA… read more

Project type: Penal Facilities, Military and Public Safety
Agency: Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works

United States Penitentiary – Terre Haute IN

United States Penitentiary Terre Haute was built between 1938 and 1940. The Terre Haute Chamber of Commerce raised $50,000 to buy the land. The Public Works Administration largely funded the $3,000,000 cost for the facility. It took 125,000 person-days to… read more

Project type: Penal Facilities, Federal Facilities, Military and Public Safety
Agency: Public Works Administration (PWA)

Walker County Jail – Jasper AL

The Works Progress Administration built a new county jail in Jasper, Walker County, circa 1937. The exact location and condition of the structure is unknown to the Living New Deal.

Project type: Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Washakie County Courthouse – Worland WY

Washakie County’s Courthouse and Jail in Worland, Wyoming was constructed with the assistance of federal Public Works Administration funds (PWA Docket No. WY 1006-D). The PWA contributed $51,750 in grant money for the $129,657 project. Construction began November 14, 1936… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Courthouses (State & Local), Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Public Works Administration (PWA)

Washita County Jail – Cordell OK

The Works Progress Administration built the Washita County Jail in Cordell OK. Contributor note: “The former Washita County Jail is a one and two-story stucco building constructed as a WPA project in 1940 with an appropriation of $21,000. The two-story… read more

Project type: Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Whittier State School/Fred C. Nelles School for Boys – Whittier CA

“The March 11, 1889 Act of the California Legislature authorized the establishment of a school for juvenile offenders. Dedication and laying of cornerstone was done by Governor R. W. Waterman on February 12, 1890. Officially opened as ‘Whittier State School’… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Federal Arts Project (FAP), Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Windsor County Jail (former) – Woodstock VT

The Public Works Administration funded the construction of the former Windsor County Jail in Woodstock. The structure was finished in 1936 and it contains the courthouse, cell blocks, and the living quarters of the sheriff. The architect of record was… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Courthouses (State & Local), Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: Public Works Administration (PWA)

Woodworking and Auto Shop (former Tupelo Jail) – Tupelo MS

The city of Tupelo abandoned the old city jail following the 1936 tornado. The National Youth Administration remodeled the building the following year and established a woodworking and auto body shop for students in the building. It was destroyed by… read more

Project type: Civic Facilities, Military and Public Safety, Penal Facilities
Agency: National Youth Administration (NYA)

Yuma Territorial Prison – Yuma AZ

In 1939-1940, the City of Yuma secured New Deal funding through the National Youth Administration to put unemployed youth to work. The City of Yuma ran the former Yuma Territorial Prison as a museum from 1940-1961.

Project type: Penal Facilities, Military and Public Safety
Agency: National Youth Administration (NYA)
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