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  • Joslin School (demolished) - Oxford MA
    Oxford, Massachusetts's old Joslin School—since demolished—received assistance from numerous New Deal programs during the 1930s. In 1933 the Civil Works Administration (CWA) graded a playground at the rear of the school and built a sidewalk from the school to Main Street. The school grounds were further improved and graded during 1934 utilizing funds provided by the federal Emergency Relief Administration. Improvements were continued under the Works Progress Administration (WPA) with particular attention devoted to the "Joslin School Grove." The WPA constructed an athletic field for the school in 1936. Finally, the federal Public Works Administration provided a $21,000 grant for...
  • Kalmia Road NW Improvements - Washington DC
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) made improvements to a segment of Kalmia Road NW,  from Eastern Avenue to Georgia Avenue. This dirt road was given an improved surface: “Old material from replacement jobs is hauled to the , broken by hand, and then rolled. After rolling, the pavement is treated with a bituminous material.” Note: The DC Government annual report credits this work to the Public Works Administration (PWA), but based on previous reports of similar work, and particular wording used, for example, “Public Administration forces,” we believe that this project was more likely carried out by the Work Division of...
  • Kaneohe Bay Drive - Honolulu HI
    Constructed with CWA and probably FERA funding.
  • Kaneohe Bay Drive - Oahu HI
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration funded the construction and improvement of Kaneohe Bay Drive providing “another scenic, military and commercial highway that borders the Pacific Ocean for much of its extensive stretch, winding away from the main around the island highway, around one of Oahu's picturesque points and then back to the main belt road.”
  • Kawananakoa School Improvements - Honolulu HI
    "The lava rock terracing at Kawananakoa School (1934), as well as the fountain featuring bas reliefs by Margarite Blasingame, resulted from the continuation of a number of the CWA's projects by FERA." Blasingame was an American sculptor born in Honolulu in 1906. She did a number of projects under federal support during the Great Depression, including this "Hawaiian Decagonal Fountain" at the Kawananakoa School.
  • Kearney High School Addition (demolished) - Kearney NE
    In June 1934, the PWA presented a grant to the Kearney School Board for a $7,000.00 addition to the existing high school. Architect John P. Helleberg was hired to prepare specifications for the project, which would include rearranging the building to provide additional classroom space and a more convenient plan on the second floor. One valuable change to the high school was a new chemistry laboratory that could accommodate thirty students at one time. The existing large assembly hall was repurposed as a library and study hall. New bathrooms and lockers were also provided. The project cost approximately $24,000.00, with...
  • Ken Lindley Park Improvements - Prescott AZ
    The former City Park and Athletic Field (now the Ken Lindley Park) originated in 1908, but major improvements were made with relief labor provided by the Civil Works Administration (CWA) in the winter of 1933-34.  It is likely that after the CWA was discontinued in early 1934, the stone work was completed under the auspices of the Arizona Emergency Relief Administration and largely funded by the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA).   The main work done by the New Deal crews was to build the elegant stone walls that enclose the entire square block, and which serve as retaining walls on...
  • Kendall Home for Children (demolished) - Miami FL
    The Kendall Home for Children was constructed by FERA in 1935. The home was later run by the Catholic Church and then by Dade County. Residents have since reported a history of child abuse at the site. By 2007, the buildings were demolished or in ruins.
  • Kennebunk Airport (abandoned)- Kennebunk ME
    As part of a state-wide airport construction project, the Maine Emergency Relief Administration provided the labor for the construction of the Kennebunk Airport, a NW-SE 2000' x 100' graded runway. It was abandoned 50 years ago; the site now houses a wastewater treatment facility.
  • Key West Aquarium Murals - Key West FL
    In 1933-1935, Alfred Crimi was one of several artists to be employed to create murals for the Key West Aquarium. The murals were begun under the CWA and completed under FERA. The Crimi murals were later destroyed, but modern day reproductions were later installed. The status of the murals by other artists is not known to the Living New Deal.
  • Kim School Buildings - Kim CO
    This collection of buildings includes an elementary school, a gymnasium and a high school. The three buildings are located on a row along State St. and still serve as the primary educational facilities for the community. "Three stone buildings, a gymnasium flanked by an elementary and a high school, represent the work of several New Deal relief programs. Constructed over an eight-year period, the buildings provided employment in Kim during much of the Great Depression. Construction on the gymnasium began in December 1933 as a Civil Works Administration project. It was completed in the spring of 1935 after being transferred to...
  • Kim Schools (Abandoned) - Kim CO
    An elementary school and high school, plus a gymnasium, were constructed by the New Deal for the rural settlement of Kim, Colorado.  The work was undertaken by three different New Deal agencies over a period of 8 years, 1933 to 1941.  History Colorado provides more details: "Three stone buildings, a gymnasium flanked by an elementary and a high school, represent the work of several New Deal relief programs administered in eastern Colorado.  Constructed over an eight-year period, the buildings provided employment in Kim during much of the Great Depression.   Construction on the gymnasium began in December 1933 as a Civil Works...
  • King Hill Road Improvements - St John VI
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration carried out light road repair and maintenance on King Hill Road on St. John.
  • Lake Konomoc Improvements - Warerford CT
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) and Works Progress Administration (WPA) worked to improve Lake Konomoc in Waterford, Connecticut. Work included "overcoming plant and microscopic growth and cleaning brush from the watershed."
  • Lake Shetek State Park - Currie MN
    The Wikipedia page for Lake Shetek State Park, indicates that both the FERA and the WPA played instrumental roles in the early development of the park, including roads, sewers, and the construction of several structures, some of which are still in the park today. From the Murray County website: Much of the early development and construction of park facilities was done by Works Progress Administration (WPA) workers. The workers were part of a WPA Camp which was located on Keeley Island, across the lake to the west, from 1934 to 1940. The camp employed 200 transient and homeless men. Initially operated...
  • Lake Tomahawk and Community Building - Black Mountain NC
    In 1934 the Civil Works Administration (CWA) and Federal Emergency Lake Administration (FERA) constructed a dam to impound a recreational lake: Lake Tomahawk, in Black Mountain, North Carolina, as well as a community building and boathouse at its shore. The lake "was officially opened on Labor Day weekend in 1934." The community building featured shingle siding and a large room for social gatherings and boating and bathing facilities. The building is still in use today and the lake continues as a gathering spot. "The community house, built at Black Mountain, in Buncombe County, under project No. 11A-B11-2, is situated on the shore...
  • Lakeland Sod High School - Brown County NE
    As a result of the drought and the Great Depression in general, many farmers were financially unable to send their children to adjoining towns to high school. During normal times, parents would have been able to provide a high school education for their children. In rural districts 12, 14 and 49 in Brown County, approximately twenty miles southwest of Ainsworth, twelve pupils were ready to enter high school in the fall of 1934, but would be denied this education unless some means of providing for their schooling was provided closer to home. On July 6, 1934, the school boards of...
  • Landing Field (demolished) - Monticello FL
    "The Civil Works Administration was absorbed by the FERA in the spring of 1934, but it had several projects underway by that time. On land leased from Dr. J. F. Williams and G. B. Truka of Daytona Beach, it was constructing an airplane landing field about a mile south of Monticello. According to the News, the Kiwanis Club had long desired the landing field, "and now through federal aid its dream is about to be realized." The FERA rented a warehouse from D. A. Finlayson to store its supplies."
  • Lebanon Middle School Ground Improvements - Lebanon VA
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)'s "constructive project work" in Russell County, Virginia included "the Lebanon school ground." Living New Deal believes this facility to be the historic 1925 high school building in Lebanon, now Lebanon Middle School.
  • Leland Community House/Garden Club - Leland MS
    The "one-story (plus) gabled, rectangularly-massed, frame club house with brick veneer exterior, has a transitional Tudor Revival/Craftsman style. Windows in front-gabled ell to left of facade have heavy concrete hood and lintel, stepped shutters. Door, also in front gable, is recessed in porch with concrete surround formed like rough planks, has concrete steps and rail, faux plank single-leaf wood door. Paired 1/1 windows to the right of the entry are set in faux board siding, enclosing former porch. Corbelled-top chimney has decorative brick work" (Embree, 2004). It is conjectured by MDAH that the building was completed by the Emergency Relief Administration,...
  • Leonard-Leota Park Improvement - Evansville WI
    "In 1900 the artillery tube was donated by the Navy Department to the T.L. Sutphen Post No. 41 of the Grand Army of the Republic in Evansville. The Post in turn donated the piece to the City of Evansville, which placed it on the City Hall lawn on a stone base that resembled a gun carriage. "The cannon monument to the Evansville memorial was removed from City Hall to Leonard-Leota Park in 1938 as part of Depression Era improvements to the park." "THE COURSE OF ALLEN'S CREEK WITHIN LEOTA PARK WAS STRAIGHTENED AND ITS BANKS WERE RIP-RAPPED WITH LIMESTONE BETWEEN 1933 AND...
  • Library (former) Improvements - Millville MA
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) furnished the labor for the expansion of the former library space at Millville, Massachusetts's former town hall, located at the northeast corner of Main Street and Preston Street (across from where the current library now resides). The project involved excavation beneath the facility. The building has since been demolished, and the town hall and library have relocated.
  • Library (former) Improvements - West Hartford CT
    Multiple New Deal agencies assisted in the improvement of what was then the library for West Hartford, Connecticut. The former library is now privately owned. In 1933 the federal Civil Works Administration (C.W.A.) funded the labor for landscaping improvements and "the undertaking of odd jobs of carpentry, plumbing, electrical work and painting." In 1934: "With FERA labor and town "make work" help, it has been possible during the year to undertake a number of projects of various kinds. At the main library the exterior of the building and several rooms were painted; a bicycle rack was made; new electric lights were...
  • Library Improvements - Ashland MA
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) provided assistance and conducted improvement work at the public library in Ashland, Massachusetts's in 1934. "The assistance of the E.R.A. enabled us to have a good deal of almost necessary work done which we could not have paid for from the regular appropriation. The Library is much improved in consequence." Some E.R.A. workers even rebound books for the library.
  • Library Improvements - Claremont NH
    Annual municipal reports for the early 1930s show that the local library benefited from the CWA in 1933 and from the ERA in 1934. The reports also describe how the local library distributed many books during this period to CCC camps in Concord and elsewhere as well as to hospitals, clubs and schools.
  • Library Improvements - Dover MA
    The federal Civil Works Administration (C.W.A.) conducted "much needed repairs" to Dover Massachusetts's town public library building in 1933. Next year the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) regraded the library grounds.
  • Library Improvements - Millbury MA
    Improvements, including building washing and painting, were made to the Millbury, Massachusetts library in 1933 with Federal Emergency Relief Act funds. 282 Millbury locals were given employment in 1933 as a result of the federal E.R.A. The federal Works Progress Administration (WPA) assisted the library (as well as community schools) with a book binding project in 1937.
  • Library Improvements - Wayland MA
    F.E.R.A. improved the grounds at the library in Wayland, Mass. in 1934.
  • Lincoln Park Pavilion - Duluth MN
    "During the Depression, Mayor Sam Snively and Park Superintendent F. Rodney Paine took advantage of government funding to put unemployed men to work on projects in the city’s parks. Lincoln Park’s stone pavilion was built in 1934 with funds and labor from two of the earliest government relief programs—the Emergency Relief Administration (ERA) and the Civil Works Administration (CWA). Reportedly two dozen of the CWA laborers gave three days’ work without pay to get the Lincoln Park pavilion ready for the annual Midsummer Festival." (zenithcity.com)
  • Lincoln Park Trails - Seattle WA
    In 1933-34, New Deal relief workers built trails in Lincoln Park. We do not know exactly which ones, but the work almost certainly included the stone-lined steps down to the beach – which are classic New Deal stonework -- and the picnic shelter looks typical of that era, as well (but may well have been rebuilt over time). A photo from the University of Washington digital collections shows workmen constructing a trail along a steep hillside (see below). The caption on the photo says, "State of Wash., E.R.A. K.C.D., Proj. 509, Dec. 26, 1933, Neg. No. 19; Lincoln Park."   ERA refers...
  • Lincoln School (former) Improvements - Framingham MA
    All 17 schoolhouses in Framingham, Massachusetts were painted, remodeled, and/or repaired with federally funded labor during the Great Depression. At the former Lincoln School the Civil Works Administration (C.W.A.) painted classrooms and repaired ceilings in 1933. Heating facilities and floors were improved in 1934. Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) funds also allowed for a new playground for the school that year. In 1936 the Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.)  conducted numerous repairs, including varnishing interior woodwork; painting, both inside and out; patching ceilings; and re-pointing bricks. New concrete walkways were installed by the W.P.A. in 1937. A school addition project was completed by the...
  • Lincoln State Park - Lincoln City IN
    Lincoln State Park was occupied by three New Deal agencies from 1933-1942. The first agency to occupy Lincoln Park was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC Company 1543 was active in Lincoln State Park from 1933-1934. The CCC laborers planted trees and constructed a fire tower, shelters, and a ranger cabin. After the CCC laborers were relocated in 1935, Federal Emergency Relief Administration laborers arrived and continued to build improvements for the park. FERA workers developed numerous fish rearing ponds. Later the Works Progress Administration (WPA) was stationed at Lincoln Park. WPA workers built hiking trails, a service building,...
  • Lincoln State Park: CCC Camp Site - Lincoln City IN
    CCC Co. 1543 abandoned their campsite and relocated to Turkey Run in 1934. FERA workers seeded the abandoned campsite and WPA laborers salvaged the lumber.  Some remaining evidence of the CCC Camp include rock walls, ditches, and concrete foundations.
  • Lindbergh Bay Temporary Landing Field - Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas VI
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration prepared a temporary landing field at Lindbergh Bay in 1935. The field subsequently became the site of a United States Marine Corps Airbase built in 1937 by the Public Works Administration.
  • Livermore Falls School (former) Improvements - Livermore Falls ME
    Several New Deal Agencies performed improvement work for the Livermore Falls School in Livermore Falls, between 1933 and 1940. The school was replaced in 1968 and abandoned in 2011 when Jay and Livermore Falls consolidated their school systems. 1933 "The CWA program which was started early this winter presented an opportunity to get some work done on the High School grounds. This will no doubt result in a great improvement in the appearance of this property and therefore be a real asset to the town." 1934 "Report of the School Committee The fiscal year ending February 1, 1935 was quite unusual in the experience of our schools....
  • Longfellow Bridge Repairs - Boston to Cambridge MA
    A Boston Public Works Department report cited Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) labor as conducting the following work: "Longfellow Bridge, repairs to parapet walls."
  • Luman Warren School Improvements - Bucksport ME
    Many useful things were done during the New Deal in this coastal community whose population in 1930 was 2,135, including work on several local schools. The 1934 town report describes: Federal assistance for milk distribution in the schools. The report also describes how: "The Federal Emergency Relief Administration aided greatly in improving our school buildings and grounds. The Spofford building was completely redecorated, desks repaired and varnished and other minor repairs made. The Duck Cove building was painted inside and outside and the roof shingled. All of the desks at the Luman Warren building were varnished. The garage built in the basement of...
  • Lummus Park Facilities (demolished) - Miami Beach FL
    Lummus Park is a beach-side park stretching along the Eastern side of Ocean Dr. from 5th - 15th streets. Under FERA projects 13-129: 13-B3-146, federal workers built 8 new shuffleboard courts and a new concrete-floored pavilion. The park was renovated in the 1980s. The shuffleboard courts are no longer there. It is unknown to the Living New Deal whether the pavilion is still extant or not.
  • Macon Community House - Macon MS
    "The community house was a common project, with at least seventeen known to survive in the state. The style of building differed from community to community. In Macon, a one story wooden bungalow-style structure was built..." (Gatlin, 2008, p. 5). The former community house is now used as the Noxubee Post 63 of the American Legion. The building is part of the Macon Historic District.
  • Main Street Resurfacing - Auburn WA
    The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (F.E.R.A.) resurfaced Auburn, Washington's Main Street in early 1934.
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